Qemu
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− | == QEMU | + | == QEMU support status regarding hppa/parisc == |
− | + | Starting with QEMU version 2.12 (April 2018), qemu fully supports 32-bit hppa user emulation (hppa-linux-user) and 32-bit hppa system emulation (qemu-system-hppa). | |
+ | All necessary changes have been merged into the [https://git.qemu.org/?p=qemu.git;a=summary upstream qemu git tree]. | ||
− | + | PA-RISC machines need a firmware ("PDC" = Processor Dependend Code). | |
− | + | Qemu includes a precompiled PDC firmware for hppa ([https://git.qemu.org/?p=qemu.git;a=blob;f=pc-bios/hppa-firmware.img;h=86930974b9e12bec214fb464eee443a0d844e6ff;hb=HEAD pc-bios/hppa-firmware.img]), which is based on a [https://github.com/hdeller/seabios-hppa/commits/parisc_firmware fork of SeaBIOS ]. | |
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | The emulated machine is a [https://www.openpa.net/systems/hp-visualize_b132l_b160l_b180l.html HP B160L desktop machine], with one or more 32-bit PA7100LC CPUs. | |
− | + | ||
− | + | The QEMU emulation is able to run Linux and HP-UX. HP-UX support still needs improvement which is being worked on. | |
− | * | + | QEMU on parisc has been made available by: |
− | * | + | * [mailto:rth@twiddle.net Richard Henderson]: QEMU CPU emulation (32-bit only), QEMU hardware divers |
− | * | + | * [mailto:deller@gmx.de Helge Deller]: QEMU hardware drivers, SeaBIOS PDC firmware |
− | + | * [mailto:svens@stackframe.org Sven Schnelle]: Lots of fixes all over QEMU and SeaBIOS (SCSI, CPU emulation fixes, SeaBIOS PDC firmware) | |
− | + | ||
− | == | + | == Ready-to-run QEMU image for parisc == |
+ | |||
+ | Download Debian hard disc image: | ||
+ | wget http://backup.parisc-linux.org/qemu/debian-10-hdd-img.tar.bz2 | ||
+ | Unzip image: | ||
+ | tar xvfj debian-10-hdd-img.tar.bz2 | ||
+ | Run qemu: | ||
+ | ./hppa-softmmu/qemu-system-hppa -drive file=debian-10-hdd.img -nographic -serial mon:stdio -accel tcg,thread=multi -smp cpus=4 | ||
+ | Log in as '''root''', root password is "'''rootme'''" | ||
+ | |||
+ | == How to build QEMU from source == | ||
+ | |||
+ | Check out the [https://git.qemu.org/?p=qemu.git;a=summary qemu git tree] | ||
+ | |||
+ | Run configure, e.g. | ||
+ | * (for system emulation) '''./configure --target-list=hppa-softmmu --enable-numa''' | ||
+ | * (for user emulation) '''./configure --target-list=hppa-linux-user --disable-stack-protector --prefix=/home/qemu-hppa/chroot-unstable --interp-prefix=/home/qemu-hppa/chroot-unstable --static''' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Run "make" | ||
+ | |||
+ | == How to run QEMU with Debian-10 installer image == | ||
* Create a virtual hard disc once: | * Create a virtual hard disc once: | ||
Line 41: | Line 57: | ||
deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian unstable main | deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian unstable main | ||
− | + | == Some QEMU notes == | |
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
+ | Prefer the e1000 driver over the rtl8129 card. The latter gives irq issues with Dino emulation. | ||
Possible qemu options: | Possible qemu options: | ||
Line 57: | Line 70: | ||
* -nographic - no graphics device | * -nographic - no graphics device | ||
* -device VGA - provide PCI VGA graphic card | * -device VGA - provide PCI VGA graphic card | ||
+ | |||
+ | == Tips and Tricks when running an emulation == | ||
+ | |||
+ | * Linux kernel >= 4.14 runs best. Initial Linux kernel optimizations were added to kernel >= 4.9. | ||
+ | * The "INTERRUPT KEY" mentioned sometimes by HP-UX can be emulated with the "Ctrl-\" key combination | ||
+ | * In case you lost the HP-UX root password, boot at ISL 'hpux -is' and then give a new password with running "passwd". | ||
+ | |||
+ | == Possible emulation guest targets == | ||
+ | |||
+ | * [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HP-UX HP-UX], versions 9.x up to 11.11 | ||
+ | * Linux (Debian, Gentoo), latest releases (>= 4.14) preferred | ||
+ | * [https://wiki.netbsd.org/ports/hppa/ NetBSD] | ||
+ | * [https://winworldpc.com/product/nextstep/3x NextSTEP] | ||
+ | |||
+ | == QEMU on NetBSD == | ||
+ | |||
+ | Images at http://nycdn.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD-daily/HEAD/latest/images/ | ||
+ | |||
+ | Info at https://www.netbsd.org/releases/current.html | ||
+ | |||
+ | KERNEL=netbsd | ||
+ | qemu-system-hppa \ | ||
+ | -kernel ${KERNEL} \ | ||
+ | -drive file=hdd.img \ | ||
+ | -drive file=NetBSD-8.99.37-hppa.iso,media=cdrom \ | ||
+ | -nographic \ | ||
+ | -serial telnet::55555,server | ||
+ | |||
+ | (info by Nick Hudson <nick.hudson@gmx.co.uk>) | ||
+ | |||
+ | == Future QEMU work == | ||
+ | |||
+ | * Does HP-UX has some kind of "sleep" assembler instruction in it's idle loop which can be used to lower qemu power consumption? | ||
+ | * Fix virtio-drivers in SeaBIOS (endianess-bugs, because SeaBIOS is originally only Little-endian from x86) | ||
+ | * Emulate Lasi (i82596) and Tulip (DEC 21x40) network cards in Qemu | ||
+ | * Artist graphics emulation in Qemu | ||
+ | * STI text emulation in SeaBIOS with VGA | ||
+ | * More correct emulation of B160L in Qemu, e.g. seriell ports, PS/2 keyboard & mouse, graphics card | ||
+ | * Elroy PCI emulation, then emulate e.g. a C3000? | ||
+ | * PA2.0/64bit (low prio) | ||
+ | * ... | ||
+ | * '''Push SeaBIOS changes upstream!!''' |
Revision as of 08:46, 17 April 2019
Contents |
QEMU support status regarding hppa/parisc
Starting with QEMU version 2.12 (April 2018), qemu fully supports 32-bit hppa user emulation (hppa-linux-user) and 32-bit hppa system emulation (qemu-system-hppa). All necessary changes have been merged into the upstream qemu git tree.
PA-RISC machines need a firmware ("PDC" = Processor Dependend Code). Qemu includes a precompiled PDC firmware for hppa (pc-bios/hppa-firmware.img), which is based on a fork of SeaBIOS .
The emulated machine is a HP B160L desktop machine, with one or more 32-bit PA7100LC CPUs.
The QEMU emulation is able to run Linux and HP-UX. HP-UX support still needs improvement which is being worked on.
QEMU on parisc has been made available by:
- Richard Henderson: QEMU CPU emulation (32-bit only), QEMU hardware divers
- Helge Deller: QEMU hardware drivers, SeaBIOS PDC firmware
- Sven Schnelle: Lots of fixes all over QEMU and SeaBIOS (SCSI, CPU emulation fixes, SeaBIOS PDC firmware)
Ready-to-run QEMU image for parisc
Download Debian hard disc image:
wget http://backup.parisc-linux.org/qemu/debian-10-hdd-img.tar.bz2
Unzip image:
tar xvfj debian-10-hdd-img.tar.bz2
Run qemu:
./hppa-softmmu/qemu-system-hppa -drive file=debian-10-hdd.img -nographic -serial mon:stdio -accel tcg,thread=multi -smp cpus=4
Log in as root, root password is "rootme"
How to build QEMU from source
Check out the qemu git tree
Run configure, e.g.
- (for system emulation) ./configure --target-list=hppa-softmmu --enable-numa
- (for user emulation) ./configure --target-list=hppa-linux-user --disable-stack-protector --prefix=/home/qemu-hppa/chroot-unstable --interp-prefix=/home/qemu-hppa/chroot-unstable --static
Run "make"
How to run QEMU with Debian-10 installer image
- Create a virtual hard disc once:
qemu-img create -f qcow2 hdd.img 50G
- download a Linux install image, e.g.
- Start emulator with the installer image once:
./hppa-softmmu/qemu-system-hppa -drive file=hdd.img -drive file=debian-10.0-hppa-NETINST-1.iso,media=cdrom -boot order=d -nographic -serial mon:stdio
- Choose typical installation options, the defaults are OK.
- Either skip the step "Configure the Package manager", or configure the mirror as with hostname "ftp.ports.debian.org", and directory "/debian-ports"
- Shut down virtual machine after installation
- Start emulator with installed operating system any time:
./hppa-softmmu/qemu-system-hppa -drive file=hdd.img -nographic -serial mon:stdio -accel tcg,thread=multi -smp cpus=2
- Edit the sources.list (/etc/apt/sources.list) file:
deb http://ftp.ports.debian.org/debian-ports unstable main deb [arch=all] http://ftp.debian.org/debian unstable main deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian unstable main
Some QEMU notes
Prefer the e1000 driver over the rtl8129 card. The latter gives irq issues with Dino emulation.
Possible qemu options:
- -accel tcg,thread=multi - always use this to enable parallel tcg (otherwise all guest CPUs run on one host CPU)
- -smp cpus=4 - define number of CPUs in the guest (maximum CPUs: 32)
- -boot menu=on - Firmware: enable interactive mode (boot prompt)
- -boot order=c - Firmware: Boot from hard disc
- -boot order=d - Firmware: Boot from CD/DVD
- -serial mon:stdio use serial console
- -nographic - no graphics device
- -device VGA - provide PCI VGA graphic card
Tips and Tricks when running an emulation
- Linux kernel >= 4.14 runs best. Initial Linux kernel optimizations were added to kernel >= 4.9.
- The "INTERRUPT KEY" mentioned sometimes by HP-UX can be emulated with the "Ctrl-\" key combination
- In case you lost the HP-UX root password, boot at ISL 'hpux -is' and then give a new password with running "passwd".
Possible emulation guest targets
- HP-UX, versions 9.x up to 11.11
- Linux (Debian, Gentoo), latest releases (>= 4.14) preferred
- NetBSD
- NextSTEP
QEMU on NetBSD
Images at http://nycdn.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD-daily/HEAD/latest/images/
Info at https://www.netbsd.org/releases/current.html
KERNEL=netbsd qemu-system-hppa \ -kernel ${KERNEL} \ -drive file=hdd.img \ -drive file=NetBSD-8.99.37-hppa.iso,media=cdrom \ -nographic \ -serial telnet::55555,server
(info by Nick Hudson <nick.hudson@gmx.co.uk>)
Future QEMU work
- Does HP-UX has some kind of "sleep" assembler instruction in it's idle loop which can be used to lower qemu power consumption?
- Fix virtio-drivers in SeaBIOS (endianess-bugs, because SeaBIOS is originally only Little-endian from x86)
- Emulate Lasi (i82596) and Tulip (DEC 21x40) network cards in Qemu
- Artist graphics emulation in Qemu
- STI text emulation in SeaBIOS with VGA
- More correct emulation of B160L in Qemu, e.g. seriell ports, PS/2 keyboard & mouse, graphics card
- Elroy PCI emulation, then emulate e.g. a C3000?
- PA2.0/64bit (low prio)
- ...
- Push SeaBIOS changes upstream!!